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  • Khalid ibn Walid (592-642)-also known as Sword of Allah.He is noted for his military prowess, commanding the forces of Prophet Muhammad and those of his immediate successors of the Rashidun Caliphate;
    Caliph Abu Bakr and Caliph Umar during the Islamic conquest in 7th century.

  • In having the distinction of being undefeated in over a hundred battles against the numerically superior forces
    of the Byzantine Roman Empire, Sassanid Persian Empire, and their allies, he is regarded as one of the finest military commanders in history.

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  • First invasion , under Khalid Walid A.D.711. General in command Muhammad Kasim, attacked Dewal, a seaport in Sind.

  • Second invasion, from Afghanistan,  Alp Tgin  had made himself ruler of Ghazni, his successor Sabaktigin was attacked by Jaipal the Raja of Lahor,in  A.D. 980. After an unsuccessful attempt to come to terms, Sabaktigin marched towards the Indus. 

  • The Hindu Rajas of Delhi, Ajmir, Kalinjar and Kanauj advanced to Lamghan near Jellalabad. Sabaktigin gave the Hindu Rajas a ferocious and challenging battles causing serious damage to the Indu soldiers.

  • Three  Centuries and a half after the Mahomedan conquest of Persia Sabaktigins son Mahmud of Ghazni first seriously undertook the invasion of India.

  • About 1001 A.D. Mahmud defeated the Raja of Lahore 'Jaipal' near Peshawur.

Point to note: Jaipal on return of his defeat and capture burnt himself on the funeral pyre, in accordance, it is said with the custom that a prince twice defeated by Mahomedan arms was unworthy to reign*

*Elphinstone's India Vol I ., 508-36: Elliot, History of India, Vol I 

  • In his fifth expedition to India A.D. 1008 Mahmud faced the combined forces of the Rajahs of Northern India, under command of Anandpoal, son of Jeipal near the plains of Peshawur. 

The Mahomedans

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